The Commonwealth kingdom, Queen Elizabeth II, has a collection of historic jewelry - some as kings and others as private individuals. They are separated from Gems and Gems and the coronations and regalia of the states that make up the Crown Jewel.
The origins of different collections of royal gems are not clear, although it is believed gems have their origins somewhere in the 16th century. Many parts from abroad and brought to Britain as a result of civil war, coup and revolution, or obtained as a gift to the king. Most of the jewelry dates from the 19th and 20th centuries.
The Crown Jewels are only worn on coronations (StÃ, Edward's Crown is used for the crown of kings) and the opening of the State of the Parliament annually (Crown of Imperial States). At other official occasions, like the banquet, the Queen wore jewelry in her collection. Elizabeth has over 300 items of jewelry, including 98 brooches, 46 necklaces, 37 bracelets, 34 pairs of earrings, 15 rings, 14 watches and 5 pendants, the most famous of which is detailed in this article.
Video Jewels of Elizabeth II
History
General history
Unlike the Crown Jewel - which mainly comes from Charles II's accession - unofficial jewelry or official emblem. Most of the collections are designed for queen regnant and queen queen, although some kings have been added to the collection. Several diamonds were brought to England from British colonies and distant lands as spoils of war. Most jewelry is purchased from other European heads of state and members of the aristocracy, or inherited by the older generation of the Royal Family, often as a birthday and wedding gift. In recent years, Elizabeth has been wearing it in her capacity as Queen of Australia, Canada and New Zealand, and can be seen wearing jewelry from her collection in an official portrait made especially for this nature.
House of Hanover Disputes
In 1714, with accession to George I, the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Hanover Kingdom, both were privately ruled by the House of Hanover. The early Hanoverian kingdom was careful to keep the heirlooms of two separate areas. George III gave Britain's half-heirloom to his wife, Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, as a wedding present. In his will, Charlotte left the gems to 'Hanover House'. The Hanover Kingdom follows the Salic Law, where the line of succession passes through the male heir. So when Queen Victoria approve the throne of the British Empire, her uncle Ernest Augustus, Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale became King Hanover. King Ernest demanded part of the jewelry, not only as king of Hanover but also as the son of Queen Charlotte. Victoria firmly refused to hand over any of the gems, claiming that they had been bought with British money. Ernest's son, George V of Hanover, continued to press the claim. Victoria's husband, Prince Albert, suggested that he make a financial settlement with the Hanoverian king to keep the gems, but Parliament informs the Queen that they will not buy gems or loan funds for that purpose. A parliamentary commission was formed to investigate the matter and in 1857 they agreed with the House of Hanover. On January 28, 1858, 10 years after Ernest's death, the jewelry was handed over to Ambassador Hanover, Count Kielmansegg. Victoria managed to save one of her favorite jewelry: a piece of pearl.
Maps Jewels of Elizabeth II
Ownership and value
Some of the jewels made before the death of Queen Victoria in 1901 were considered the heirlooms owned by the Queen on the right of the Crown and moved from one king to the next forever. Subsequent items, including official gifts, may also be added to the part of the Royal Collection at the absolute discretion of a king. It is impossible to say how many decent collections because gems have a rich and unique history, and they are unlikely to be sold on the open market.
At the beginning of the 20th century, five other jewelry lists, also never published, complement those left by Queen by Queen Victoria:
- Gems were handed over to Crown Prince by His Majesty Queen Victoria
- The gem left by His Holiness to His Royal Highness
- Gems are handed over to His Excellency Edward VII by His Majesty Queen Victoria, who is subsequently considered the property of the Crown and worn by all future Queen on his right.
- Her Majesty's George V jewelry
- The jewel given to the Crown Prince by His Majesty Queen Mary
- The jewel given to the Crown Prince by His Holiness George V
Tiaras
Delhi Durbar Tiara
Delhi Durbar Tiara created by Garrard & amp; Co for Mary of Teck, wife of George V, to wear in Delhi Durbar in 1911. Because British law prohibited the abolition of the Crown Jewels of the country, King George V wore a custom made crown (The Imperial Crown of India) to Durbar, and Queen Mary wore tiara. It was part of a set of jewelry made for the Queen Mary for use at the event which included necklaces, stomachers, brooches and earrings. Made of gold and platinum, the tiara is 8 cm (3 inches) tall and has a lyrical high-circle shape and S-scroll connected by diamond gems. It was originally set with 10 from emerald Cambridge, acquired by Queen Mary in 1910 and first owned by her grandmother, Duchess of Cambridge. In 1912, the tiara was changed to take one or both Cullinan III and IV diamonds; the pear-shaped diamond was held at the top, and the pillow-shaped rock hung in the oval hole underneath. Mary lent tiara to Queen Elizabeth (then Queen Mother) for a South African kingdom tour of 1947, and remained with her until she died in 2002, when it was handed over to Queen Elizabeth II. In 2005, the Queen lent a tiara to her son-in-law, Duchess of Cornwall.
Queen Mary Fringe Tiara
This Tiara, which can also be worn as a necklace, was made for Queen Mary in 1919. It is not, as it is sometimes claimed, made with a diamond that once belonged to George III, but reusing diamonds taken from a purchased necklace/tiara. by Queen Victoria of Collingwood & amp; Co as a wedding gift for Princess Mary in 1893. In August 1936, Mary gave tiara to her daughter-in-law, Queen Elizabeth, then became Queen Mother. When Empress Mother, queen of George VI, first wearing a tiara, Sir Henry Channon called it "an ugly thorn tiara". Later, she lent to her daughter Elizabeth as "something borrowed" for her marriage to Prince Philip in 1947. As Elizabeth dressed at Buckingham Palace before leaving for Westminster Abbey, the tiara was slapped. Fortunately, court jewelry stood on the spot in an emergency, and was rushed to his office by police escort. The Queen Mother assured her daughter that it would be fixed on time, and that was true. He also lent it to his granddaughter, Princess Anne, for her marriage to Captain Mark Phillips in 1973. It was exhibited at an exhibition with a number of other royal tiar in 2001.
George III Fringe Tiara
The George III Fringe Tiara is a circle that incorporates a brilliant diamond previously owned by George III. Originally commissioned in 1830, the tiara has been used by many queen consorts. Originally, it could be worn as a necklace or collar or mounted on a wire to form a tiara. Queen Victoria donned it as a tiara during a visit to the Royal Opera in 1839. In Franz Xaver Winterhalter's The First of May, completed in 1851, Victoria could be seen wearing her as she held Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn's future. In a disguised reference to the worship of the Magi, the Duke of Wellington is seen presenting a young prince with a gift.
Grand Duchess Vladimir Tiara
The Grand Duchess Vladimir Tiara (ru: ??????????????), sometimes Diamond and Pearl Tiara, were purchased, along with riviÃÆ'¨re diamonds, by Queen Mary of Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna from Russia, mother of the Duchess of Kent, in 1921 at a price of Ã, £ 28,000. The duchess, known after her marriage as Princess Nicholas of Greece, inherited from her mother, Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna, who received her as a wedding present from her husband in 1874. Initially had 15 great pearls, and was made by Carl Edvard Bolin jewelry at a cost of 48,200 rubles.
During the Russian Revolution in 1917, the tiara was hidden with another gem somewhere in the Vladimir Palace in Petrograd, and was later rescued from Soviet Russia by Albert Stopford, a British art dealer and secret agent. In the years that followed, Princess Nicholas sold jewelry from her collection to support her alienated family and various charities.
The Queen Mary has transformed the tiara to accommodate 15 of the Cambridge cabochon emeralds. Drop the original pearls easily can be replaced as an alternative to emeralds. Queen Elizabeth II inherited the tiara directly from her grandmother in 1953. Almost exclusively worn along with the Cambridge moat and Delhi Durbar, it also contains a large emerald. Elizabeth wore a tiara in her official photo as Queen of Canada because there is no other territory in the Commonwealth other than the British Empire which has its own crown jewels.
Burmese Ruby Tiara
Elizabeth ordered Ruby Tiara Burma in 1973, and made by Garrard & amp; Co uses stones from his personal collection. It was designed in the form of roses, with silver and diamonds making petals, and groups of gold and rubies forming the center of flowers. A total of 96 rubies were installed in the tiara; they were originally part of the necklace given to him in 1947 as a wedding gift by the Burmese (now Myanmar) people, who praised them for having the ability to protect their owners from illness and evil. Diamonds were also given to him as a wedding gift, by Nizam of Hyderabad and Berar, which has a huge collection of jewelry hers.
Girls from England and Ireland Tiara
The first tiara of the Queen was a wedding present in 1947 from her grandmother Queen Mary, who received her as a gift from Girls of Great Britain and Ireland in 1893 on the occasion of her marriage to the Duke of York, then George V. Made by E. Wolfe & Co., purchased from Garrard & amp; Co by a committee organized by Lady Eve Greville. In 1914, Mary adapted the tiara to take 13 diamonds in a large oriental pearl spot on the tiara. Leslie Field, author of The Queen's Jewels, described it as, "a scroll-and-scroll with nine large oriental pearls on a diamond nail and placed on a base of rounded collets and alternate candies between two diamonds". Initially, Elizabeth wore a tiara with no pedestal and pearls but essentially spliced ​​in 1969. Girls of Great Britain and Ireland Tiara is one of Elizabeth's best known jewelry for her extensive use of paper money and the British currency.
Kokatu Tribe of Queen Alexandra
Kokoshnik Tiara was presented to Alexandra, Princess of Wales, as a 25th wedding anniversary present in 1888 by Lady Salisbury on behalf of 365 colleagues from the United Kingdom. He always wanted a tiara in a kokoshnik style, a traditional Russian headdress, and knew the design well from his brother's tiara, Marie Feodorovna, Empress of Russia. It's made by Garrard & amp; Co and has a vertical white gold bars with diamonds, the longest being 6.5 cm (2.5 inches). In a letter to her aunt, the Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Princess Mary writes, "The prizes are quite remarkable [...] The women of the community give [Alexandra] a beautiful tiara spiked diamond". After Queen Alexandra's death, the tiara was handed over to her daughter-in-law, Queen Mary, who left her to Elizabeth in 1953.
Knot Tiara Cambridge Beloved
In 1913, Queen Mary asked Garrard & amp; Co made a copy of his grandmother's tiara, Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel, using the queen's own diamonds and pearls. French in its neo-classical design, the tiara has 19 oriental pearls hung from the knot of lovers each centered with a great brilliant. Mary leaves the tiara to Elizabeth II, who then gives it to Diana, Princess of Wales, as a wedding present. She often wore it, especially with her 'Elvis outfit' when visiting Hong Kong in 1989, but on her divorce from Prince Charles, she was returned to the Queen. In 2015 and 2016, the Duchess of Cambridge took him to a diplomatic reception at Buckingham Palace.
Princess Andrew of Greece Meander Tiara
This Tiara is a wedding gift for Elizabeth from her mother-in-law, Princess Andrew of Greece and Denmark. The Tiara Meander is in a classic Greek key pattern, with a large diamond in the middle covered by a laourel diamond bouquet. It also combines leafs and scrolls on both sides. The Queen never used this item in public, and it was given in 1972 to her daughter, Princess Anne, who has often worn the tiara in public, especially during her engagement with Captain Mark Phillips and for the official portrait marking her 50th birthday. Anne lends tiara to her daughter, Zara Philips, to be used at her marriage to Mike Tindall in 2011.
Hello Tiara
This Tiara, made by Cartier in 1936, was purchased by the Duke of York (then King George VI) for his wife (then Queen Mother) three weeks before they became kings and queens. It has a rolling cascade of 16 scrolls that meet on two central scrolls topped with a diamond. Overall, it contains 739 brilliants and 149 baton diamonds. Tiara was given to Elizabeth on her 18th birthday in 1944, and was borrowed by Princess Margaret, who used it in 1953 at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. Later, Elizabeth lent Halo Tiara to Princess Anne, before giving her Meander Tiara Greece in 1972. Halo Tiara was loaned to the Duchess of Cambridge to be used at her marriage to Prince William in 2011.
Anting
Coronation Treatment
Like Coronation Necklace, these earrings have been worn by the united queen and empress in every coronation since 1901. Made for Queen Victoria in 1858 using diamonds from the old Garter badge, they have a distinctive design: a great brilliance followed by a smaller, with a big pear drop. The drops were originally part of the Koh-i-Noor bracelet. After they were made, Victoria wore matching earrings and necklaces in the painting Queen Victoria by European court painter Franz Winterhalter.
Anting Chandelier Greville
The 7.5 cm (3 in) long chandelier earrings made by Cartier in 1929 had three large drops dotted with each piece of modern diamond. The earrings were bought by Margaret Greville, who left her to her friend, Queen Mother in 1942, and Elizabeth's parents gave it to him in 1947 as a wedding present. However, he could not use it until he pierced his ears. When the public realizes that his ears have been stabbed, doctors and jewelers discover that they are inundated with the demand of women who want their ear pierced as well.
Greville Pear-drop Earrings
As well as chandelier earrings, and 60 other jewels, Mrs. Greville left the Queen Mother a set of pearl earrings she bought from Cartier in 1938. The pear-shaped berries were each weighing about 20 carats (4 g). ). Diana, Princess of Wales, borrowed it in 1983 for use on her first official visit to Australia. At a state banquet, he wears a tiara earring from his own family collection. The Greville Pear-drop Earrings were given to the Queen after her mother's death in 2002.
Queen Victoria's Anting
A pair of very large and very suitable diamonds cut as ear buttons for Queen Victoria.
Necklace
Queen Anne and Queen Caroline Pearl Necklaces
Both of these necklaces consist of one row of large-pearl pearls with pearl clasps. The Queen Anne's necklace is said to belong to Queen Anne, the last Englishman of the Stuart dynasty. Horace Walpole, the British art historian, writes in his diary, "Queen Anne has little or no jewelry, except a pearl necklace given to her by Prince George." Queen Caroline, on the other hand, has many valuable jewelry, including not less than four pearl necklaces. He wore all the pearl necklaces at his coronation in 1727, but after that had the best 50 pearls chosen to make one big necklace. In 1947, both necklaces were given to Elizabeth by his father as a wedding present. On her wedding day, Elizabeth realized that she had left her pearl at St James's Palace. His personal secretary, Jock Colville, was asked to leave and pick it up. He ordered the limousine of King Haakon VII of Norway, but the morning traffic had stopped, so even the king's car with his royal flying flies could not get anywhere. Colville completed his journey on foot, and when he arrived at St. James, he had to explain a strange story to the guards who protected 2,660 Elizabeth's wedding gifts. They let him in after finding his name on the guest list, and he could get a pearl for the princess in time for his portrait in the Buckingham Palace Music Room.
King Faisal of Saudi Arabia Necklace
A gift from King Faisal of Saudi Arabia, it is a fringe necklace in design and styled with brilliant cut diamonds and baguettes. King Faisal bought the necklace, which was made by American mobster Harry Winston, and presented it to him during a state visit to England in 1967. Before his departure, the Queen wore it for a party at the Dorchester hotel. He also lent the necklace to Diana, Princess of Wales, to wear on a state visit to Australia in 1983.
Festoon Necklace
In 1947, George VI commissioned a three-strand necklace with over 150 brilliant pieces of diamond from the inherited collection. It consists of three small rows of diamonds with triangular motifs. The minimum weight of this necklace is estimated to be 170 carats (34 g).
King Khalid of Saudi Arabia Necklace
This necklace was given to the Queen by King Khalid of Saudi Arabia in 1979. It is a sunray design and contains round and pear-shaped diamonds. Like King Faisal's necklace, it was made by Harry Winston, and the Queen often lends the necklace to Diana, Princess of Wales.
Collar Queen Collet Necklace
For the coronation of her husband, Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother wore a collet necklace Queen Victoria along with a much larger necklace. The weight of the rust of the necklace was never disclosed, but it is clear from photographs containing about 45 large diamond collets.
Coronation Necklace
Made for Queen Victoria in 1858 by Garrard & amp; Co., The Coronation necklace is 38 cm (15 inches) in length and consists of 25 diamond and 22-karat (4.4 g) diamonds of Lahore Diamond as a pendant. It has been used in conjunction with the Coronation Earring by the queen of regnant and empress in every coronation since 1901.
Nizam of Hyderabad Necklace
The diamond necklace made by Cartier in the 1930s. It was a wedding gift for Elizabeth at her marriage to Prince Philip of the last Nizam of Hyderabad, Mir Osman Ali Khan, in 1947. The Duchess of Cambridge wore the necklace for a charity function at the National Portrait Gallery in 2014.
Brochures
Cullinan III & amp; IV ("Granny's Chips")
Cullinan III and IV are two of the few rocks cut from Cullinan Diamond in 1905. Large diamonds, found in South Africa, were presented to Edward VII on his 66th birthday. Two of the stones cut from the diamond are 94.4 carat (18.88 g) Cullinan III, clear pear-shaped stone, and 63.6-carat bearing stone (12.72 g). Queen Mary has these stones which are made into brooches with Cullinan III depending of IV. Elizabeth inherited the brooch in 1953 from her grandmother. On March 25, 1958, when he and Prince Philip made a state visit to the Netherlands, Queen revealed that Cullinan III and IV were known in her family as "Grandma Chips". The couple visited the Asscher Diamond Company, where Cullinan had been cut 50 years earlier. This was the first time the Queen had openly used the brooch. During his visit, he took off the brooch and offered to check with Louis Asscher, Joseph Asscher's brother who originally cut the diamond. Elderly and almost blind, Asscher was deeply touched by the fact that the Queen had brought the diamonds with him, knowing how much it meant he saw them again after all these years.
Cullinan V
Smaller 18.8-carat (3.76 g) Cullinan V is a heart-shaped diamond cut from the same rough gems as III and IV. It is set in the center of a platinum brooch that forms a stomacher portion made for Queen Mary to be worn in Delhi Durbar in 1911. The brooch is designed to showcase Cullinan V and is a pavÃÆ'Â © -set with a smaller diamond border. Can be suspended from brooch VIII and can be used to suspend pendant VII. It was often worn like this by Mary who left all the brooches to Elizabeth when she died in 1953.
Prince Albert Sapphire Bros
Albert Albert Sapphire Bros Albert Albert was given by Prince Albert to Queen Victoria at Buckingham Palace on February 9, 1840. It was the day before their marriage, and Victoria wrote in her diary that Albert came into her living room and gave her "a beautiful sapphire and a diamond brooch". The middle stone is a large oval sapphire surrounded by 12 round diamonds. It graduated from Victoria to queen queen, Alexandra of Denmark, Mary of Teck and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, and then forwarded to Elizabeth II on accession to the throne.
Victoria Queen Bow Brochure
Commissioned by Queen Victoria in 1858, Garrard & amp; Co made a set of three large arc brochures containing more than 506 diamonds. No record of Victoria ever wearing it; Alexandra of Denmark, Mary of Teck, Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon and Elizabeth II are seen wearing it often. Brooches are often adjusted to contain large pearls or a drop of emerald diamonds. Queen Mary is described more than once with smaller Cullinan diamonds as drops.
Parures
Parure is a suitable set of jewelry to be used together that was first popular in 17th century Europe.
Brazil Parure
The Brazil Parure is one of the newest jewelry items in the collection. In 1953, the president and the Brazilians presented Elizabeth II with a gift coronation necklace and pendant earrings suitable for aquamarine and diamond. It has taken Mappin & amp; Webb a whole year to collect stones that are very suitable. This necklace has nine large oval aquamarines with a larger aquamarine pendant drop. The queen has a drop set in a more decorative diamond cluster and is now removable. He was very happy with the gift that in 1957 he had a tiara made to match the necklace. Tiara is overcome by three vertically arranged aquamarines. Seeing that the Queen loved the original crowning gift she had with the matching tiara, the Brazilian Government decided to add her prize, and in 1958 it presented Elizabeth II with aquamarines bracelets piled on a bunch of diamonds, and aquamarine square and diamond brooch.
George VI Victorian Suite
The George VI Victorian Suite was originally a wedding gift by George VI to his daughter Elizabeth in 1947. The suite consists of long sapphire necklaces and rectangular diamonds and a pair of matching square sapphire earrings also bordering on diamonds. The suite was originally made in 1850. The stones are exactly the same as the Garter Order's garment, though this may be a coincidence on George's side. Elizabeth had an abbreviated necklace by removing the largest sapphire in 1952, and then had a new pendant made using discarded stones. In 1963, a new sapphire and diamond tiara and a bracelet were made to match the original piece. Tiara is made of a necklace owned by Princess Louise of Belgium, daughter of Leopold II. In 1969, the Queen wore a complete parure to a charity concert.
1937 coronet
For the coronation of their parents in 1937, it was decided that Elizabeth and Margaret should be given a small version of the crown to wear at the ceremony. The gold coronet ornament is coated with crimson and is edged with a mink designed by Garrard & amp; Co and taken to the royal couple for review. However, the king and queen decide that they are not too complicated and too heavy for young princesses. Queen Mary suggested that the coronet be silver-gold in medieval style without decoration. George VI agrees, and the coronet is designed with Malta's cross and fleurs-de-lis. After the coronation, Mary wrote: "I sat between Maud and Lilibet (Elizabeth), and Margaret came next, they looked too cute with their lace and lace robes, especially when they were wearing their coronets." The coronation anugesty is at the Royal Collection Trust.
See also
- George IV State Diadem
- Royal Crown Jewels
- Royal Family Order
References
Bibliography
- Field, Leslie (2002). Queen's Gem: Elizabeth II's Personal Collection . London: Harry N. Abrams. ISBNÃ, 0-8109-8172-6. Ã,
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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